Medical directory
AiON medicines and medical concepts, with definitions, references and regulatory context in Spain.
1418 entries
Active ingredients
The molecules: mechanism, route of administration and their regulatory status in Spain.
- 17-alpha-alkylated testosterone
- A.A.S. 100 mg
- Acarbose
- Acetato de ciproterona
- Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
- Acitretina
- Adcirca
- Adiro
- Alfacalcidol
- Alkylating agents
- Alopexy 5%
- Alpha-blockers
- Amylin
- Andriol Testocaps
- AndroGel
- Androxal (enclomifene)
- Antiandrogens
- Antibiotics
- Antidepressants
- Antidiabetic drugs
- Antiemetics
- Antihypertensives
- Antimetabolites
- Antioxidants
- Antiplatelet drugs
- Antipsicóticos
- Apple nutraceutical
- Ashwagandha
- Aspirina
- Avanafilo
- Baricitinib
- Beta blockers
- Beta-carotene
- BI 456906
- Biotin
- Black cohosh
- Bydureon
- Byetta
- Cagrilintide
- cagrilintide/semaglutide
- CagriSema (cagrilintide/semaglutide)
- Calcifediol
- Calcitriol
- Calcium
- Calcium channel blockers
- Cannabinoids
- Capsaicin
- Cheonggukjang
- Cialis (tadalafil)
- Ciclosporina
- Cimetidine
- Cimicifuga racemosa
- CKD-843
- Claritromicina
- Clascoterone
- Clomifene citrate
- Clomiphene
- Clonidine
- Clopidogrel
- Colecalciferol
- Combined hormonal contraceptives
- Combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
- Compound glycyrrhizin
- Compounded (extemporaneous) minoxidil preparation
- Compounded bioidentical hormones
- Compounded bioidentical hormones (specially prepared formulations)
- Compounded semaglutide (extemporaneous preparation)
- Compounded tirzepatide (extemporaneous preparation)
- Compounded topical finasteride
- conjugated equine oestrogens
- Conjugated equine oestrogens
- Corticoides
- Corticoides intralesionales
- CYP1A2 inhibitors
- D-aspartic acid
- Deuruxolitinib
- Dietary fibre (supplement)
- Diuretic
- Doxazosina
- Dulaglutide
- Dutasteride
- Dydrogesterone
- Electrolytes
- Electrolytes (supplement)
- elinzanetant
- Enclomiphene
- EnCyzix (enclomifene)
- Equol
- Erythromycin
- Espironolactona
- Estanozolol
- Estatinas
- Esteroides anabolizantes androgénicos
- estetrol
- Estradiol
- Estradiol Besins 2 mg EFG
- Estradot
- Estriol
- Estriol vaginal gel (Blissel)
- Evening primrose oil
- Exenatide
- Exendin-4
- Extemporaneously compounded minoxidil
- Falsified semaglutide
- Femoston (oestradiol + dydrogesterone)
- Fenofibrato
- Fentanyl
- Fenugreek
- Fezolinetant
- Finasteride
- Fish oil
- Fluvoxamine
- Folitropina alfa
- Food supplements
- Forti5
- Foundayo
- Gabapentina
- Gemfibrozilo
- Genistein
- Ginger
- GLP-1 agonists
- Glucocorticoides
- GONAL-f
- Hidroxicloroquina
- High-dose oral minoxidil (>5 mg/day)
- Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)
- Ibuprofen
- Icosapento de etilo
- IL-15
- Inositol
- Insulin (drug)
- Intranasal fentanyl
- Intrarosa
- Intravaginal oestrogen
- Intravenous antibiotics
- Isoflavone
- Isoflavones
- Isotretinoína
- Isotretinoína oral
- JAK inhibitors
- Jatenzo
- Ketoconazole
- Kimchi
- Kimchi and cheonggukjang
- Lamdapil
- Láser vaginal
- Levonorgestrel
- Lipid-lowering drugs
- Liraglutide
- Long-acting injectable testosterone undecanoate
- Loniten 10 mg
- Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid
- Low-dose oral minoxidil
- Low-dose oral minoxidil
- Low-dose vaginal estradiol tablets
- Low-dose vaginal oestrogens
- Low-level laser combs
- Low-level laser therapy
- Lynkuet (elinzanetant)
- Maca
- Magnesium
- maridebart cafraglutide
- mazdutide
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate
- Menopausal hormone therapy
- Meriestra (oestradiol 2 mg)
- Metandienona
- Metformin
- Methyltestosterone
- Metotrexato
- Micofenolato
- Micronised progesterone
- Minerals (supplement)
- Minogal
- Minoxidil
- Minoxidil 10 mg oral tablets
- Minoxidil 50 mg/ml (5%) cutaneous solution
- MINOXIDIL BIORGA
- Minoxidil Biorga 2%
- MINOXIDIL CINFA
- Minoxidil in hydroalcoholic solution (official preparation of the Spanish National Formulary)
- Minoxidil ISDIN/Dinaxil 5%
- MINOXIDIL VIÑAS
- Minoxidilo
- Mitotic inhibitors
- Mononitrato de isosorbida
- Mounjaro
- Multivitamins
- Naltrexone/bupropion
- Nebido
- Nitrates
- Nitrito de amilo
- Nitroglicerina
- Normopil
- Nourkrin
- NSAIDs
- NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
- Nutrafol
- Oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
- Olumiant
- Omega 3
- Omega 6
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Omifin (clomifene citrate 50 mg tablets)
- Opioides
- Oral antibiotics
- Oral estradiol tablets
- Oral minoxidil
- Oral minoxidil 10 mg
- Oral minoxidil 5 mg
- Oral minoxidil 5 mg daily
- Oral oestrogen
- Oral semaglutide
- Oral testosterone undecanoate
- Oral transmucosal fentanyl
- Orforglipron
- Orlistat
- Orodispersible sildenafil 50 mg
- Ospemifene
- Ovestinon
- Oxibutinina
- Oximetolona
- Ozempic
- Pantogar
- Paroxetina
- Pemafibrato
- petrelintide
- Phytoestrogens
- Placebo
- Plant extracts
- Platelet-rich plasma
- PP405
- Prasterone
- Progesterone
- Progestogen
- Progestogens
- Prolactina
- Promestriene
- Propecia
- Prostaglandins
- Protein (supplement)
- Pumpkin seed oil
- Radioterapia
- Reandron
- Reandron 1000 mg/4 ml
- Red clover
- Resmetirom
- Retatrutide
- Retinoids
- Rezdiffra
- Riociguat
- Ritlecitinib
- Ritonavir
- Rybelsus
- SARMs
- Saw palmetto
- Saxenda
- Semaglutide
- Senshio
- SERMs (selective oestrogen receptor modulators)
- setmelanotide
- sibutramina
- Sildenafil
- Soy
- Soya isoflavones
- Stellate ganglion block
- Subcutaneous testosterone
- Subdermal testosterone implants (pellets)
- Sulphonylureas
- Survodutide
- Suvorexant
- Synthetic progestogen
- Tadalafil
- Tamoxifeno
- Testavan
- Testex Prolongatum
- Testim
- Testim 50 mg
- Testogel
- Testogel 50 mg
- Testosterona SIT
- Testosterona undecanoato
- Testosterone
- Testosterone booster
- Testosterone cipionate
- Testosterone enantate
- Testosterone gel
- Testosterone gel 1.62%
- Testosterone gel 1.62% (AndroGel)
- Testosterone undecanoate
- Testoviron Depot
- TH07
- Tibolone
- Tirzepatide
- Tlando
- Tocotrienol
- Topical finasteride
- Topical minoxidil
- Topical minoxidil 5% solution
- Topical minoxidil solution
- Total glucosides of paeony
- Transdermal estradiol patch
- Transdermal oestradiol
- Transdermal testosterone (gel)
- Tribulus terrestris
- Troponin
- Trulicity
- Unauthorised compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide formulations
- upadacitinib
- Vaginal estradiol
- Vaginal estradiol (Vagifem)
- Vaginal estriol
- Vaginal lubricants
- Vaginal micronised progesterone
- Vaginal moisturisers
- Vaginal prasterone
- Vardenafilo
- Veoza
- Veoza 45 mg film-coated tablets
- Veozah
- Viagra (sildenafil)
- Victoza
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin D3
- Vitamin D3 with calcium
- Vitamin E
- Vitamina A
- Vitamins and minerals (supplementation)
- Viviscal
- Volanesorsén
- Wegovy
- Wegovy (high-dose semaglutide)
- Withania somnifera
- Withanolides
- YCT-529
- Zepbound
- Zinc
- Zuclomifene
Conditions
The diagnoses, with their ICD-10 code.
- Abdominal obesity
- Abscess
- Acantosis nigricans
- Acantosis pigmentaria
- Acromegalia
- Acute herbal-induced liver injury
- Acute kidney injury
- Acute metabolic acidosis
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Acute pancreatitis
- Acute respiratory infection
- Acute respiratory infections
- Acute telogen effluvium
- Acute urinary retention
- Addictions
- Adrenal autoimmunity
- Advanced fibrosis
- Advanced kidney disease
- Advanced kidney or liver disease
- Advanced liver disease
- Age-related hypogonadism
- Alcohol-related liver disease
- Alcoholism
- All-cause mortality
- Alopecia areata
- Alopecia areata grave en adultos
- Alteraciones de los lípidos
- Alto riesgo de caídas
- Alzheimer's disease
- Anabolic steroid dependence
- Anabolic steroid withdrawal syndrome
- Anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism
- Anaemia
- Anagen effluvium
- Androgenetic alopecia
- Androgenetic alopecia
- Andropause
- Angina
- Anovulation
- Anxiety
- Aortocoronary bypass graft occlusion
- Apnea obstructiva del sueño
- Apnoea
- Arrhythmias
- Arterial thromboembolic disease
- Arterial thrombosis
- Arthritis
- Ashwagandha-induced acute liver injury
- Aspiración pulmonar
- Asthma
- Atopic dermatitis
- Atrial fibrillation
- Atrophic vaginitis
- Azoospermia
- Bariatric medicine
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Biliary disease
- Biochemical hypogonadism
- Biopsy-confirmed MASH with F1-F3 fibrosis
- Biotin deficiency
- Bitemporal recession
- Bleeding disorder
- Bone and joint infection (osteoarticular infection)
- Bone loss
- Breast cancer
- Breast cancer in men
- Breastfeeding
- Caída del cabello
- Cancer
- Cancer mortality
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Cardiac disease
- Cardiometabolic risk
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cardiovascular mortality
- Cellulitis
- Chickenpox
- Cholecystitis
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Chronic stress
- Chronic telogen effluvium
- Cirrhosis
- Clinically and biochemically confirmed testosterone deficiency
- Colesterol alto
- Colorectal cancer
- Congenital or acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
- Coronary heart disease
- COVID-19
- Demencia probable
- Dementia
- Dependencia
- Dependencia de sustancias
- Depression
- Deterioro cognitivo
- Diabetes gestacional
- Diabetic kidney disease
- Diabetic pre-coma
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Diffuse alopecia areata
- Disfunción sexual femenina
- Disordered ovulation (dysovulation)
- Drug hypersensitivity
- Dyslipidaemia
- Dyslipidaemia
- Early menopausal transition
- Eating disorders
- Embarazadas o mujeres con posibilidad de embarazo
- Emotional stress
- Endocarditis izquierda
- Endometrial cancer
- Endometrial hyperplasia
- Endometriosis
- Enfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica en personas delgadas
- Enfermedad hepática esteatósica metabólica
- Enfermedad hepática grasa asociada a disfunción metabólica
- Enfermedad hepática por alcohol
- Enfermedad renal o hepática avanzada
- Enfermedad tromboembólica arterial activa o reciente
- Epilepsy
- Episodio depresivo mayor
- Erectile dysfunction
- Established vascular disease
- Eyaculación precoz
- F2-F3 liver fibrosis
- Falls
- Familial chylomicronaemia syndrome
- Fatty liver
- Febrile illness in children under 16
- Female androgenetic alopecia (female pattern hair loss)
- Female infertility due to anovulation
- Female pattern hair loss
- Fetal genital abnormalities
- Fetal growth restriction
- Folic acid deficiency
- Follicular miniaturisation
- Fractura previa
- Fracture
- Fractures
- Frontal fibrosing alopecia
- Functional hypogonadism
- Gallstones
- Gastric perforation
- Genitourinary atrophy
- Genitourinary symptoms of the menopause
- Genitourinary syndrome of menopause
- Genitourinary syndrome of the menopause (GSM)
- Hepatic impairment
- Hepatic steatosis
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
- High blood pressure
- High risk of breast cancer
- Hip fracture
- Hiperaldosteronismo
- Hiperplasia endometrial
- Hipertensión pulmonar
- Hipertensión refractaria grave
- Hipogonadismo
- Hipogonadismo hipogonadotropo
- Hipogonadismo persistente tras abuso de andrógenos
- Hipogonadismo secundario
- Hipogonadismo secundario adquirido
- Hipogonadismo sintomático
- Hipogonadismo sintomático de inicio tardío
- Hipotensión ortostática
- Hirsutism
- HIV infection
- Hyperandrogenism
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hyperinsulinaemia
- Hypersensitivity (to the active substance)
- Hypersensitivity to semaglutide
- Hypertension
- Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
- Hypomania
- Hypopnoea
- Hypotension
- Hypothyroidism
- Ictus isquémico
- Impaired fasting glucose
- Impaired glucose tolerance
- Infarto
- Infecciones crónicas
- Infertility
- Influenza (flu)
- Insomnia
- Insuficiencia cardiaca
- Insuficiencia renal leve o moderada
- Insulin resistance
- Insulin resistance syndrome
- Intermittent hypoxia
- Intolerancia digestiva
- Invasive cancer
- Iron deficiency
- Ischaemic heart disease
- Kidney disease
- Kidney stones
- Late menopausal transition
- Late-onset hypogonadism
- Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH)
- Late-onset male hypogonadism
- Lean MASLD
- Left-sided infective endocarditis
- Lichen planopilaris
- Lipotoxicity
- Liver cancer
- Liver cirrhosis (F4)
- Liver disease
- Liver fibrosis
- Liver fibrosis F1B-F3
- Liver transplantation
- Low-grade inflammation
- Lower urinary tract symptoms
- Lung cancer
- Major bleeding
- Malabsorción de vitamina D
- Male androgenetic alopecia
- Male androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss)
- Male breast cancer
- Male hypogonadism
- Male infertility
- MASH (metabolic steatohepatitis)
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- Melanoma
- MEN-2 syndrome
- Meningioma
- Meningioma inducido por fármacos
- Menopausal transition
- Menopause
- Menopause (a point in time defined retrospectively)
- Metabolic fatty liver disease (MASLD)
- Metabolic steatohepatitis (MASH)
- Metabolic syndrome
- Migraine with aura
- Moderate androgenetic alopecia
- Mortalidad
- Mujer histerectomizada
- Multifactorial hypertriglyceridaemia
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2)
- Nail changes in alopecia areata
- Nail involvement in alopecia areata
- Nasal polyps
- NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis)
- Natural menopause
- Neoplasia
- Nephrolithiasis
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Neuropathic pain
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
- Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
- Non-cirrhotic MASH with F2-F3 fibrosis
- Non-cirrhotic MASH with moderate to advanced fibrosis (F2-F3)
- Non-scarring alopecia
- Obesity
- Obesity as a chronic, relapsing disease
- Obesity with weight-related comorbidity
- Obstructive sleep apnoea
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)
- Off-label use
- Oligozoospermia
- Organic hypogonadism
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Osteoporotic fracture
- Ovarian insufficiency
- Ovarian stimulation
- Overweight
- Palpable prostate nodule or induration
- Parkinson's disease
- Peptic ulcer
- Perceived stress
- Pérdida de pelo de patrón femenino
- Perimenopause
- Peripheral arterial disease
- Physiological hair shedding
- Pituitary lesion
- PMOS
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Post-finasteride syndrome
- Postpartum period
- Prediabetes
- Pregnancy
- Premature death
- Premature ovarian insufficiency
- Premenopausia
- Prevención primaria de fracturas
- Primary hypogonadism
- Prostate cancer
- Prothrombotic state
- Psoriasis
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- Pulmonary embolism
- Recurrent myocardial infarction
- Refractory hypertension
- Renal impairment
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Reye's syndrome
- Riesgo trombótico
- Right-sided infective endocarditis
- Road traffic accidents
- Salpingooforectomía bilateral
- Sangrado vaginal irregular
- Scarring alopecia
- Secondary (central) hypogonadism
- Seguridad Social
- Sepsis
- Severe acne
- Severe alopecia areata
- Severe hypertension
- Severe infection
- Severe renal impairment
- Síndrome de Cushing
- Síndrome de ovario poliquístico
- Sleep fragmentation
- Smoking
- Sobrepeso con comorbilidad relacionada con el peso
- Stroke
- Surgical early menopause (hysterectomy)
- Syndrome X
- Telogen effluvium
- Testicular atrophy
- Testosterone deficiency
- Thyroid disease
- Thyroid dysfunction
- Thyroid toxicity
- Transient ischaemic attack
- Trastorno autoinmune crónico
- Trastornos de la coagulación
- Trauma (physical injury)
- Tromboembolismo venoso
- Trombosis venosa
- Tumores dependientes de estrógenos
- Type 2 diabetes
- Úlcera gastroduodenal activa o recurrente
- Unstable angina
- Unstable heart failure
- Upper airway obstruction
- Urogenital atrophy
- Útero intacto
- Vasomotor symptoms
- Veganism
- Vertex hair loss
- Visceral obesity
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Vulvovaginal atrophy
- Weight regain (rebound effect)
- Weight-related medical problems
Symptoms
What is felt, with the words people use to search for it.
- Abdominal pain radiating to the back
- Acne
- Agresividad
- Amenorrhoea
- Anxiety and panic attacks
- Asthenia
- Ausencia de pelos vellosos
- Bajo deseo sexual
- Bajón de deseo sexual
- Band-like recession of the frontotemporal hairline
- Bloating
- Blue-tinged vision
- Brain fog
- Breathing difficulty
- Breathlessness on exertion
- Brittle nails
- Caída del pelo
- Caída difusa de pelos en clava
- Cambios de humor
- Chest tightness
- Club (telogen) hairs in the hairbrush
- Confusion
- Constant hunger
- Dark urine
- Dark urine (choluria)
- Daytime sleepiness
- Depressive symptoms
- Descamación alrededor de los folículos
- Difficulty concentrating
- Diffuse hair loss
- Diffuse thinning over the crown (female pattern)
- Dolor
- Dolor de cabeza
- Dryness
- Dyspareunia
- Early satiety
- Eritema perifolicular
- Escama perifolicular
- Escozor
- Excessive thirst and frequent urination
- Facial flushing
- Fat intolerance
- Fatigue
- Fatigue
- Feeling bloated
- Feeling of fullness
- Fewer sexual thoughts
- Finer, shorter and less pigmented hair
- Food cravings
- Food noise (obsessive thoughts about food)
- Hair that is finer, shorter and less pigmented
- Hot flushes
- Hunger
- Ideas de hacerte daño
- Increased appetite after stopping the drug
- Increased waist circumference
- Injection site discomfort
- Irregular menstrual cycles
- Irregular periods
- Irritabilidad
- Jaundice
- Joint pain
- Libido baja
- Light-headedness
- Lonely hair sign
- Loss of eyelashes and eyebrows
- Loss of muscle mass
- Loss of spark / vitality
- Loss of strength
- Loss of vaginal tissue elasticity and thickness
- Loud snoring
- Low mood
- Low mood
- Low mood
- Manchado
- Menstrual irregularity
- Mood changes
- Mood swings
- More hair on the pillow and in the shower
- Nail ridging
- Nasal congestion
- Night sweats
- Night-time choking sensation
- Nocturia
- Non-restorative sleep
- Normal physiological hair shedding
- Oligomenorrea
- Ovulación anómala
- Pain during sexual intercourse
- Pápulas faciales
- Patches of hair loss on the scalp
- Peor función eréctil
- Pérdida de cejas
- Pérdida de pelo corporal
- Pérdida de pelo facial
- Pérdida de pestañas
- Photophobia
- Picor
- Piel brillante o atrófica en la zona afectada
- Plenitud
- Poor sleep
- Post-meal tiredness
- Profound low mood
- Receding temples (temporal recession)
- Reduced drive
- Reduced libido
- Reduced morning erections
- Reduced sexual desire
- Right upper quadrant pain
- Ronquidos y pausas respiratorias
- Rough nail surface
- Satiety
- Scalp infection
- Scalp inflammation
- Scalp irritation
- Scalp redness
- Sensación de no arrancar
- Severe diarrhoea
- Severe, persistent abdominal pain
- Sexual desire
- Shedding inicial
- Shedding of club hairs
- Shortened anagen phase
- Signs of dehydration
- Sleep disturbance
- Snoring and breathing pauses
- Sudden intense hunger
- Sudden visual changes
- Sugar cravings
- Sweating
- Thinning at the crown (vertex)
- Tremor
- Tricodinia
- Unscheduled vaginal bleeding on HRT
- Unwanted facial hair
- Unwanted hair growth
- Urinary discomfort due to atrophy
- Urinary symptoms
- Urinary urgency
- Vaginal dryness
- Vaginal stinging
- Vomiting that prevents fluid intake
- Vulvovaginal irritation
- Vulvovaginal itching
- Weak urinary stream
- Weaker morning erections
- Weakness in the early weeks
- Witnessed pauses in breathing during sleep
- Yellowing of the eyes
Hormones
The body's signals and their physiological function.
- 5-alpha-reductase
- Adiponectin
- Androgens
- Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)
- Conjugated equine oestrogen + medroxyprogesterone acetate (WHI combination)
- Cortisol
- DHT
- Dihydrotestosterone
- Endogenous GLP-1
- FSH
- GCGR (glucagon receptor)
- Ghrelin
- GIP
- GLP-1
- GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1)
- GLP-1 (natural hormone)
- GLP-1 (receptor)
- Glucagon
- Glucagon receptor
- GnRH
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis
- Incretin
- Incretin hormone
- Insulin
- Interferon gamma
- Intratesticular testosterone
- KNDy neurons
- Leptin
- LH
- Neurokinin B
- Nitric oxide
- Oestrogen
- PPAR-α
- Progesterone (hormone)
- Resistin
- Serum cortisol
- Serum testosterone
- SHBG
- Testosterone (hormone)
- Thyroid hormones
Biomarkers
What a blood test measures, with its reference range.
- 10-year cardiovascular risk
- 11 nmol/L
- 2-hour glucose (oral glucose tolerance test)
- 2-hour glucose on oral glucose tolerance test (75 g)
- 2-hour plasma glucose
- 2-hour postprandial glucose
- 220 pmol/L
- 25(OH)D
- 275 ng/dL
- 5-alpha reductase (follicular enzyme)
- 6,5% o menos de HbA1c
- 95% confidence interval
- Absolute bioavailability
- Absolute risk per 10,000 women per year
- ACCORD-Lipid
- Ácido fólico
- Ácidos grasos
- ADA
- Adaptation of energy expenditure
- Adverse event index (WHI, Manson 2013)
- AEMPS
- Albumin
- Alkaline phosphatase
- ALT (transaminase)
- AMH
- Amylin analogue
- Anagen phase
- Anagen phase (percentage of hairs in anagen)
- Androgen receptor
- Androgen receptor gene (X chromosome)
- Anticuerpos anti-21 hidroxilasa
- Antígeno prostático específico (PSA)
- Apnoea-hypopnoea index
- Apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI)
- apoC-III
- Arachidonic acid
- Area under the curve (AUC)
- AST (transaminase)
- Atypical endometrial hyperplasia
- AUC
- Baseline digital rectal examination
- Bilirubin
- Bioavailability
- Biopsia del cuero cabelludo
- Biotin (blood test)
- Blood DHT
- Blood glucose
- Blood pressure
- Blood-brain barrier
- BMI (body mass index)
- Body composition (lean mass / fat mass)
- Body mass index
- Body weight
- Bone density
- Bone mineral density
- Cancer risk
- Carbohydrate intake before the oral glucose tolerance test
- Cardiometabolic parameters
- Células del hígado con esteatosis ≥5%
- CIMA
- Cintura grande
- CIOMS
- Circadian rhythm of testosterone
- Clamp euglucémico hiperinsulinémico
- Cmax
- Cognitive function
- Colesterol total (reducción con metformina)
- Comisión Europea
- Committee on Toxicity (COT)
- Congreso Europeo de Obesidad
- Consumo perjudicial de alcohol
- Continuous glucose monitoring
- Coronary calcium score
- CPAP
- CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)
- CPAP adherence (hours of use per night)
- Creatinine clearance
- Criterios de financiación
- Criterios IDF de síndrome metabólico
- Criterios NCEP-ATP III
- Criterios OMS de síndrome metabólico
- CYP1A2
- CYP3A4
- Cytotoxic T cells
- Daily hair shedding
- Definición armonizada de síndrome metabólico (Circulation 2009)
- Dendritic cells
- Density improvement along the frontotemporal hairline
- Density improvement along the interparietal line
- Di@bet.es
- Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)
- Diálisis de equilibrio de testosterona libre
- DIETFITS
- Direct free testosterone immunoassay
- Disability-free survival
- Discontinuation due to adverse effects (rate)
- Distancia recorrida en el test de la marcha de 6 minutos
- DPPOS (extensión del Diabetes Prevention Program)
- Ecografía
- Efficacy estimand
- Elimination half-life
- EMA
- Endometrium
- Energy expenditure
- Energy intake
- Epworth Sleepiness Scale
- Equilibrium dialysis
- Escala de estrés percibido
- ESSENCE
- Estudio DARIOS
- Estudio ESTHER
- European Male Ageing Study (EMAS)
- Evaluación del investigador
- Eventos cardiovasculares mayores
- Fasting glucose
- Fasting morning total testosterone
- Fasting morning total testosterone
- Fasting plasma glucose
- Ferritin
- FIB-4
- Fibrinogen
- Fibrosis improvement without worsening of MASH
- Filtrado glomerular <30 ml/min
- FINDRISC questionnaire
- First-pass effect
- Folic acid (blood test)
- Free fatty acids
- Free testosterone
- Free testosterone (blood test)
- FSH (blood test)
- FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
- Gastric emptying
- Gastric emptying
- GIP (péptido insulinotrópico dependiente de glucosa)
- GIP receptor (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide)
- Glóbulos rojos
- Glomerular filtration rate
- GLP-1 receptor
- GLP-1 receptor (drug target)
- Glucagon receptor (GCGR)
- Glucemia
- Glucosa
- Glycaemic control
- Glycated haemoglobin
- Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
- Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
- GMP cíclico
- GMP cíclico (GMPc)
- Gonadotrophins
- Haematocrit
- Haemoglobin
- Hair count
- Hair coverage
- Hair density
- Hair diameter
- Hair follicle immune privilege
- Hair pull test
- Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)
- Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)
- Hamilton Anxiety Scale
- Hamilton-Norwood pattern in women
- Hamilton-Norwood scale
- Hazard ratio
- Hazard ratio for coronary heart disease by years since menopause
- HDL cholesterol
- Hematocrito ≥54%
- Hepatic fibrosis F1-F3
- Hepatic impairment (assessment before treatment)
- Hepatic steatosis (≥5% of hepatocytes)
- Hepatic steatosis (fat in ≥5% of liver cells)
- Hepatic stellate cells
- Hiponatremia
- Histology
- HOMA-IR
- Hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp
- Hypothalamic nuclei regulating appetite
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
- Hysterectomy
- I²
- IC 95 %
- IMC ≥27 a <30 kg/m²
- IMC ≥30 kg/m²
- Immunoassay
- Impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
- Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
- Improvement in fibrosis by at least one stage
- Improvement in MASH without worsening of fibrosis
- Incidence of diabetes
- Incidencia de diabetes por 100 personas-año
- Inmunoassays
- Insulin sensitivity
- Insulina basal
- Intact PTH
- Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
- International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)
- Intestinal L cells
- Intrathoracic pressure changes
- Inverted black triangle (additional monitoring)
- Iron
- IVOS criteria
- JAK1
- JAK2
- JAK3/TEC
- Keratinocytes
- Late reproductive stage
- LDL cholesterol
- Length of hospital stay
- LH (blood test)
- Límite de referencia
- Lipid profile
- Liver biopsy
- Liver elastography
- Liver fibrosis stage (F1-F4)
- Liver function
- Liver function (baseline testing and monitoring)
- Liver function tests
- Liver stiffness
- Liver ultrasound
- Low HDL cholesterol
- Low testosterone
- Ludwig scale
- Ludwig scale
- Lymphocytes
- MAESTRO-NASH
- Maintenance of at least 80% of the initial weight loss
- Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT)
- Markers of infection
- Masa muscular
- MASH confirmada por biopsia
- MASH resolution without worsening of fibrosis
- Mayo Clinic series (148 women)
- Mean percentage weight loss
- Melanocytes
- Menstrual cycle length
- mmol/mol
- Morning testosterone
- MSLT
- Muerte cardiovascular
- Multicentre series of 355 patients
- Multidose KwikPen
- Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT)
- MWT
- Negative feedback of oestradiol on the hypothalamus
- NEJM
- Neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor
- ng/dL
- NICE NG23
- NK cells
- nmol/L
- Nocturnal airflow
- Nocturnal respiratory effort
- Non-calcified coronary plaque volume
- Non-inferiority
- Non-inferiority (trial objective)
- Normal hair density by age
- Norwood-Hamilton scale
- Number needed to treat (NNT)
- Odds ratio
- Odds ratio for venous thromboembolism by route of administration
- Oestradiol (blood test)
- Olsen pattern
- Oral glucose tolerance test
- Oral glucose tolerance test (75 g)
- Ovarian follicle reserve
- Ovarian follicular reserve
- Ovarian follicular reserve (follicle count)
- Ovarian ultrasound
- Overnight oxygen saturation
- Ovulatory cycles
- Oxidative stress
- PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor)
- Pancreatic beta cells
- PDE1
- PDE5
- PDE5 (phosphodiesterase type 5)
- PDE6
- Pelo terminal
- Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
- Percentage body weight reduction
- Percentage of follicles in anagen
- Percentage of follicles in telogen
- Percutaneous absorption
- Percutaneous drug absorption
- Pérdida media de peso corporal
- Pérdida mineral ósea
- Photographic assessment
- Photographic scalp assessment
- Platelets
- pmol/L
- Polysomnography
- Positive family history of alopecia areata
- Pregunta global de eficacia
- Premutación de FMR1
- Presión arterial sistólica/diastólica <90/50 mmHg
- Prevalence
- Prolactina (analítica)
- PROMINENT
- PSA
- PSA basal
- Quality of life
- Quilomicrones
- Raised blood pressure
- Raised fasting blood glucose
- Raised triglycerides
- Recuento total de pelo
- Reducción de eventos cardiovasculares mayores
- REDUCE-IT
- Resonancia magnética hipofisaria
- Riesgo relativo
- RUCAM scale
- SALT
- SALT score
- Scalp DHT
- Scalp DHT
- SCIRI
- Semen analysis
- Serum DHT
- Serum liver enzymes
- Serum liver enzymes
- SHBG (blood test)
- SIMETAP-HTG
- Six-minute walk test
- Skin biopsy
- SOFFIA 2024 consensus
- Sperm concentration
- Sperm count
- Spermatogenesis
- STEP 1
- STEP 4
- STRAW+10 staging
- SURMOUNT-1
- SURMOUNT-4
- SURMOUNT-5
- SWAN study
- Systemic absorption of topical minoxidil
- Telogen phase
- Telogen phase (percentage of hairs in telogen)
- Terminal hair density
- Terminal hair density at the vertex
- Testosterona libre calculada
- Testosterona total en ayunas
- Testosterona total en sangre
- Testosterone Trials
- Thermoregulatory centre of the hypothalamus
- Thyroid hormone receptor beta
- Time to maximum concentration (Tmax)
- Tiroides (función tiroidea)
- Tmax
- TNF-alpha
- Total cholesterol
- Total hair density
- Total sperm count
- Total testosterone
- Total testosterone (laboratory test)
- Transaminases
- TRAVERSE
- Treatment regimen estimand
- Trichoscopy
- Tricometría
- Triglycerides
- TRIUMPH-1
- TRIUMPH-1 efficacy estimand
- TRIUMPH-1 treatment-regimen estimand
- Type I 5-alpha-reductase
- Type II 5-alpha-reductase
- Tyrosinase
- Umbral de perímetro de cintura IDF para población europea
- US Food and Drug Administration
- Validated calculated free testosterone formula
- Vascular endothelium
- Vitality
- Vitamin B12 (blood test)
- Vitamin D (blood test)
- Vitamina B12
- VLDL
- Volumen ovárico
- Waist circumference
- Waist circumference (reduction)
- Walking distance
- Weight loss of 15% or more
- Weight regain from nadir weight
- WHI global index of risk
- Window of therapeutic opportunity
- Women's Health Initiative (WHI)
- Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)
- X chromosome
- Zinc (blood test)
Side effects
What may appear during a treatment, with its frequency.
- Abdominal bloating
- Abdominal distension
- Abdominal pain
- Abscesses
- Adverse effect from a compounding error
- All-cause mortality
- Allergic reaction
- Allergic reaction (angioedema/anaphylaxis)
- Anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reaction
- Anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions
- Anaphylaxis
- Anasarca
- Angioedema
- Arrhythmia
- Ashwagandha-related thyroid toxicity
- Back pain
- Belching
- Biotin interference in immunoassays
- Bleeding
- Bloating due to fluid retention
- Breast tenderness
- Breast tenderness
- Cancer death
- Cardiovascular events with oral minoxidil
- Cerebrovascular events
- Cholelithiasis (gallbladder problems)
- Cholestasis
- Chromatopsia
- Clinically apparent liver injury
- Clomifene-induced hot flushes
- Clomifene-induced visual disturbances
- Constipation
- Dandruff
- Dehydration
- Depressed mood
- Dermatitis
- Diarrhoea
- Digestive discomfort
- Discontinuation due to adverse effects
- Dizziness
- Drug-induced alopecia
- Dry skin
- Dysaesthesia
- Dyspepsia
- Early discontinuation of treatment
- Early fatigue
- Eczema
- Ejaculation disorders
- Erythrocytosis
- Feeling of fullness
- Finasteride-related sexual dysfunction
- Flatulence
- Flatulence
- Fluid and salt retention
- Fluid retention
- Flushing
- Gastric bleeding
- Gastro-oesophageal reflux
- Gastrointestinal adverse effects
- Gastrointestinal disorders
- Gastrointestinal effects (overall)
- Gastrointestinal side effects
- Gastroparesis
- Headache
- Heartburn
- Heartburn (pyrosis)
- Hepatic adenomas
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hot flushes with enclomifene/clomifene
- Hypercalcaemia due to vitamin D overdose
- Hypercalcaemia from alfacalcidol and calcitriol
- Hypertrichosis
- Hypoglycaemia
- Hypoglycaemia from ashwagandha
- Immunoassay interference
- Increased percutaneous absorption
- Indigestion
- Injection site nodules
- Injection site pain
- Injection site reaction
- Injection-site nodules with GLP-1 agonists
- Insomnia (side effect)
- Intravenous line (catheter) complications
- Intravenous line complications
- Invasive breast cancer
- Kidney stones from vitamin D with calcium
- Laboratory interference with the troponin test
- Leg oedema
- Leg oedema
- Liver injury
- Lung cancer from beta-carotene
- Mild to moderate adverse effects
- Mild to moderate gastrointestinal adverse effects
- Missed heart attack
- Missed myocardial infarction
- Mood disturbances
- Myalgia
- Myocardial infarction
- NAION (non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy)
- Nausea
- Nocturnal leg cramps
- Peliosis hepatis
- Pericardial effusion
- Periorbital oedema
- Persistent sexual dysfunction
- Pleural effusion
- Polycythaemia
- Priapism
- Pruritus
- Raised alkaline phosphatase
- Raised bilirubin
- Raised transaminases (ALT/AST)
- Reversible suppression of spermatogenesis through FSH inhibition
- Self-harm behaviour
- Severe hypoglycaemia
- Severe hypotension
- Skin irritation
- Skin rash
- Skin transfer to others
- Spotting
- Sudden deafness
- Sudden hearing loss
- Sudden loss of vision
- Suicidal ideation
- Suicidal ideation
- Suicidal ideation with oral finasteride
- Suppression of sperm production
- Suppression of spermatogenesis
- Syncope
- Syncope with topical minoxidil
- Tachycardia
- Teratogenicity
- Teratogenicity of systemic retinoids
- Thromboembolism
- Thyroid disorders
- Thyroid tumours
- Transaminase elevation above 10 times the upper limit of normal
- Treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects
- Treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects (retatrutide)
- Treatment discontinuation due to hypertrichosis
- Treatment failure
- Unexpected bleeding or spotting
- Unscheduled bleeding
- Unscheduled vaginal bleeding during systemic HRT
- Visual disturbances
- Visual disturbances with enclomifene/clomifene
- Vitamin D plus calcium-related nephrolithiasis
- Vomiting
- Weakness
- Weight gain attributed to hormone therapy
- Widespread skin reactions
- Wind (flatulence)
- Worsening of sleep apnoea